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1.
Main source (M.S)
: it is a vast body of
water, may be lake river, ocean. But it should not have oily material over it.
Because in the Evaporator, those oil disturb the low-pressure vaporization of
water. A pump sucks from it and stores it in the reservoir.
2.
Reservoir (R)
: It is a huge tank, made in conventiontional way. It is connected to the
Evaporator with a pipe having a stop cock in between. When the amount. Of water
in the evaporator is lower by evaporation of water inside it. The stop cock isd opened
and water flows from the reservoir to the Evaporator.
3.
Evaporator (E) : it is metallic
Dome, made of mild steel of 1 mm. Thickness. The vacuum pump is connected to it
through it is upper end. The vacuum pump evacuates the evaporator and water
within it began to boil as pressure over it is lowered and thus collecting the
latent heat of vaporization from the surrounding atmosphere. The hot compressed
air from the boiler have gone through it to supply add1. heat.
4.
Boiler (B) : It is an enclosed
body made of brick of other heat resistant materials. Within it there stands a
metal plate having hot, compressed air coming from the Heat-Pump system and the
low-temperature vapor coming from the Evaporator on the opposite sides of it.
Within it, the hot compressed air from the Heat-pump system heats the Vapor
passes to the Turbine (T1) and the compressed air to the Evaporator.
5.
Turbine (T1 & T2) : two
turbines are of two difference types. Turbine T1 is a common Vapor. Turbine used
in conventional Thermal power planets. But T2 is a gas turbine and it is rotated
by the sudden expansion of compressed gas of the heat-pump system.
6.
Storage (S)
: It is Tank outside connected to the Evaportor through pipes. The water
that comes to the Evaportor have many type of salts and other dissolved
materials within it. In the Evaportor, only the water is evaporator but not the
dissolved salts and other materials, that remain within the Evaporator. So from
time to time the Evaporator should be flushed up. This is done by opening the
stop cock between the evaporator and Storage. After this flushing, when the stop
cock is closed again the storage can be easily cleared. Thus the total process
remain uninterrupted while the cleaning is done.
7.
Condenser (CD) : It is a
conventional condenser used in other thermal power plants. Except in one aspect,
that it is cooled by the suddenly expanded cold gas coming from the Heat Pump
system.
8.
Collector (C)
: It is also a
tank, collecting tank. The vapor
from the turbine(T1) becomes water again within the condenser. This water is
pure and free from any kind of impurities and therefore is drink-able and
valuable too. So the collector is placed after the condenser to collect the pure
water.
9. Expansion Valve(E.V) : This is a f constant adiabatic expansion being controlled by an orifice/capillary tube.
10. Stop Cock(S.C) : Stop Cocks commonly used in systems.
11. Vacuum
pump (V.P)
: It is a common vacuum pump but a large gigantic size and of high power.
12.
Pump(P) : It is a common hydro
pump.
: The total process
is operated in two difference cycles.
1. The vapor
cycle. &
2. The heat-pump cycle.
1.
The vapor cycle : For simplicity, we have termed this process a cycle,
but actually this as one way process. This is process is the basic characteristic
of this project. This cycle is started from the main source.
The Pump(P) sucks water from the main source and stores it in Reservoir. From the
reservoir goes to the Evaporator. From there the Vacuum pump begins to work.
At first, it reduces the pressure over the water in the evaporator and the water
began inside began to vaporize. As air comes out the water vapor files it is
place and after a few minutes, no air remains within the evaporator but only
water vapor. This is a self adjusting system, because as the pump works on, the
pressure over water decreases and vaporization increases and the water becomes
colder. But on being colder more and more heat flows Evaporator and vaporization
increases and with it pressure inside. But the vacuum pump still continues it is
work and pressure inside decreases again and with vaporization increases too.
Thus it is clear from the above procedure that after a few minutes anequilibrum point comes when the rate of
vaporization becomes equal to the rate of vapor
suction by the vacuum pump. The total process is temperature independent until
the outer atmospheric temperature reduces to zero. I.e. below the freezing point
of water. The suction then passes this low-temperature water vapor to the Boiler
where it is heated by the hot, compressed air coming from the compressor of the
Heat-pump system. The heated vapor is then passed to the first turbine (T1) and
after producing electricity it goes to the condenser and after it is collected
in the collector.
2.
The Heat-pump system : the Heat-pump system starts from the compressor
(CP). The compressor air and passed it to the Boiler. In the Boiler the water
vapor is heated by this compressed air and after, the compressed air the
evaporator. From the evaporator, the compressed air then goes to the Expansion
valve (E.V.) and here it expands and rotates the second turbine (T2). Thus a
portion of the energy spent on the compression of air is regained. Then this
cold expanded air then goes to the condenser to cool the vapor from the first
Turbine*T1). Then it is again passes to the compressor.